Of human knew Codification and recording since time immemorial, and use stones, trees, minerals, to this end, the walls of temples Vazdant news of military victories and the most important events, and minted coins on the names of the referees.
It was then that ِِman has developed a new material for the record, is the
paper, he entered a new era. Varied materials used in the production of paper in different nations and ages; pharaohs began using bulrush (Papyrus), and is derived from the term paper in English (Paper)
Then the Chinese Besnaath paste problem of hemp fibers, and mulberry bark, and rags, where they ferment, then singled out to dry, and used to write them.
After Christmas appeared different types of paper, use Alongelusakson beech tree bark. The Greeks and Romans, they used a thin types of goat skins and young cows in writing instruments.
Upon the arrival of the Islamic conquest of Central Asia, contact Muslims Chinese civilization, and took her paper industry. Muslims, setting up a plant for paper in Samarkand in 751.
Since then, the paper industry has spread throughout the Islamic Caliphate, like any civilized Muslims industry has ever known and developed, Harun al-Rashid, setting up a plant for paper in Baghdad aided Palmerh workers coming from the industry of Samarkand. Then the paper industry was soon spread and boomed, setting up factories for paper Muslims in Egypt and the Maghreb.
European paper industry did not know, but at the hands of Muslims, where they constructed a paper mill in Valencia, Andalusia in 1100, and then in the city Vpriano Sicily in 1276.
The two moved the industry to the rest of Europe, which showed the paper industry in Turin, Italy, in 1348, and known to Germany in 1391, followed by the United Kingdom in the fifteenth century.
At the end of the eighteenth century, noted the French nature Rene Antoine de Rimur (René Antoine de Réamure) that certain types of wasps build nests of similar material to paper cardboard, and keeps track of these wasps, found that they are feasting on the core timber, chew, and then build their nests from him, so he - since Alehin- replace wood pulp fiber and rags; where he is extracted pulp wood from the forest trees, and then mixed with water until it becomes lump, then singled and dried Faiser Desktop).
In order to extract the pulp from trees to be thawed article carnivores for wood fiber, known as (lignin), and the process of dissolution initially performed using a round stones huge-like molar, which paid the trunks of trees, and the result of severe friction produces enough heat to melt the lignin.
But now the heat has become produced from an initial heating of the trunks of wood process, then you pay cut wood between the high-speed rotating discs, thereby creating a fragment of wood to fiber.
In the fifties of the nineteenth century American chemist could Tljman Benjamin (Benjamin C. Tilghman) to draw pulp processing wood powder with a solution of sulphurous acid under the hot steam. In 1883, the German inventor Karl countries (Carl Dohl) by adding sodium sulfate to the caustic soda in the process of extracting the core of the timber, which produced the appropriate kind for the manufacture of paperboard used in the manufacture of cardboard boxes of various paper and containers.
In some paper mills are combined the previous two methods; the chemicals are added, then the resulting mixture to pay roller to separate the fiber disks.
With the continuous development in the paper industry, the extraction process is performed using the means of becoming more complex, and are controlled using a computer.
After the completion of the extraction process, the pulp enters the refining process, by passed it through the rotary segments within the refinery; thereby creating a biodegradable wood fiber cell walls, which leads to the formation of fibers more flexible. And repeating the process several times is obtained
